What to Expect 🚑🔥

Incorrect. Atropine should not exceed a total dose of 3 mg when treating symptomatic bradycardia in adults.

Incorrect. With an advanced airway in place, compressions should continue uninterrupted while providing 10 breaths per minute.

Incorrect. Ventilations should be provided at a controlled rate of 6-8 breaths per minute to prevent hyperventilation.

Incorrect. The most reliable method to confirm and monitor placement by measuring exhaled CO?.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is given as a continuous infusion to maintain adequate heart rate and perfusion when atropine is ineffective.

Incorrect. A 30:2 ratio ensures adequate oxygenation and circulation when no advanced airway is present.

Incorrect. Synchronized cardioversion restores organized cardiac activity in unstable atrial flutter.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is given first in VF during cardiac arrest, followed by amiodarone as an antiarrhythmic after defibrillation attempts.

Incorrect. Maximum energy for monophasic defibrillators; for biphasic, follow manufacturer recommendations.

Incorrect. TTM prevents further neurological injury by maintaining a controlled core temperature after ROSC.

Incorrect. Atropine blocks vagal stimulation, increasing heart rate in cases of symptomatic bradycardia.

Incorrect. Pausing compressions for more than 10 seconds interrupts perfusion and reduces the chances of ROSC.

Incorrect. Oxygenation and ventilation should be optimized to avoid hypoxia or hyperoxia during post-cardiac arrest care.

Incorrect. Two minutes of CPR (about 5 cycles of 30 compressions and 2 breaths) should be performed before reassessing the rhythm.

Incorrect. Defibrillation is the primary treatment for pulseless VT, aiming to restore organized cardiac activity.

Incorrect. Synchronized cardioversion is indicated for unstable atrial fibrillation to restore sinus rhythm and prevent hemodynamic collapse.

Incorrect. VF is a shockable rhythm requiring immediate defibrillation to restore organized electrical activity.

Incorrect. The correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for adult CPR without an advanced airway is 30:2.

Incorrect. Hypothermia is a reversible cause of cardiac arrest and should be treated with warming measures.

Incorrect. PETCO2 readings above 10 mmHg during CPR indicate adequate chest compressions and cardiac output.

Incorrect. Adenosine is administered at 0.1 mg/kg as a rapid IV push for terminating narrow-complex SVT caused by reentrant pathways.

Incorrect. Early defibrillation within 30 seconds of a witnessed VF arrest increases survival rates significantly.

Incorrect. Synchronized cardioversion with 50-100 J is effective for narrow, regular tachycardias that are unstable.

Incorrect. PEA is not treated with adenosine; it is managed with CPR, epinephrine, and identifying and treating reversible causes.

Incorrect. Calcium gluconate stabilizes the cardiac membrane and reduces the risk of life-threatening arrhythmias caused by hyperkalemia.

Incorrect. A left lateral tilt prevents aortocaval compression, improving venous return and cardiac output during resuscitation.

Incorrect. Lidocaine is an antiarrhythmic drug used as an alternative to amiodarone for VF or pulseless VT.

Incorrect. Hypothermia is a potentially reversible cause of cardiac arrest and should be addressed during resuscitation.

Incorrect. Epinephrine at 0.01 mg/kg is administered every 3-5 minutes during pediatric cardiac arrest to improve coronary perfusion.

Incorrect. Asystole is a non-shockable rhythm requiring high-quality CPR and epinephrine administration.

Incorrect. TTM helps reduce neurological injury after ROSC by maintaining a target temperature between 32-36°C.

Incorrect. Ventilations are delivered every 6-8 seconds to provide oxygenation without interrupting chest compressions.

Incorrect. Hypovolemia is a reversible cause of cardiac arrest that can be treated with fluid resuscitation to restore circulation.

Incorrect. Synchronized cardioversion at 100 J is effective for restoring a stable rhythm in unstable ventricular tachycardia.

Incorrect. The jaw thrust technique opens the airway while minimizing cervical spine movement, reducing the risk of further injury.

Incorrect. The correct initial dose of amiodarone for pulseless VT is 300 mg IV/IO, followed by 150 mg for a second dose if needed.

Incorrect. For unstable narrow, irregular tachycardias, synchronized cardioversion at 120-200 J is recommended.

Incorrect. A single rescuer performs 30 compressions followed by 2 breaths to maximize perfusion and oxygenation in pediatric CPR.

Incorrect. Pulseless VT is a shockable rhythm requiring immediate defibrillation to restore an organized rhythm.

Incorrect. VF is a shockable rhythm, and defibrillation is the most effective intervention to restore a normal rhythm.

Incorrect. Maintaining a compression fraction of greater than 80% ensures the majority of resuscitation time is spent on compressions.

Incorrect. Pediatric defibrillation begins at 2 J/kg and increases to 4 J/kg for subsequent shocks if needed.

Incorrect. Hypothermia is a reversible cause of cardiac arrest and should be addressed during resuscitation efforts.

Incorrect. High-quality CPR is the primary intervention for PEA, followed by epinephrine administration and addressing reversible causes.

Incorrect. Shouting for help ensures additional resources and a defibrillator are quickly available.

Incorrect. A PETCO2 reading above 10 mmHg indicates that chest compressions are generating sufficient circulation during CPR.

Incorrect. With an advanced airway, compressions continue uninterrupted while ventilation is provided at a rate of 10 breaths per minute.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate stabilizes the myocardium and is the first-line treatment for torsades de pointes.

Incorrect. Waveform capnography ensures proper ET tube placement by monitoring exhaled CO? levels.

Incorrect. Hypovolemia is a reversible cause of PEA and can be treated with rapid fluid resuscitation.

Incorrect. Adenosine 6 mg is given as a rapid IV push for terminating narrow-complex SVT caused by reentrant pathways.

Incorrect. Synchronized cardioversion with 120-200 J is used to restore normal rhythm in unstable atrial fibrillation.

Incorrect. Atropine doses should not exceed 3 mg during bradycardia management to avoid adverse effects.

Incorrect. The compression fraction should be greater than 80% to maximize perfusion during CPR.

Incorrect. Asystole is a non-shockable rhythm requiring immediate high-quality CPR and administration of epinephrine.

Incorrect. Providing 6-8 breaths per minute ensures adequate oxygenation and ventilation without interfering with chest compressions.

Incorrect. Atrial flutter presents as a sawtooth pattern on the ECG and requires rate control or cardioversion depending on stability.

Incorrect. IM epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis, administered into the mid-thigh for rapid absorption.

Incorrect. Atropine is given at a dose of 0.5 mg every 3-5 minutes during bradycardia, up to a maximum dose of 3 mg.

Incorrect. Pulseless VT is a shockable rhythm that requires immediate defibrillation to restore a perfusing rhythm.

Incorrect. Asystole is a non-shockable rhythm treated with high-quality CPR and epinephrine.

Incorrect. If VF persists after defibrillation and epinephrine, amiodarone is administered to stabilize the rhythm.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate is used to treat torsades de pointes but is not the first-line drug for VF, where epinephrine is prioritized.

Incorrect. Adenosine is contraindicated in unstable patients; synchronized cardioversion is the treatment of choice in such cases.

Incorrect. Ventilations are delivered at a rate of 6-8 breaths per minute to prevent hyperventilation.