Adult Chest Compressions

The universal rate for chest compressions in all cardiac arrest victims (adult, child, and infant) is 100 to 120 per minute. Similarly, the compression-to-ventilation ratio for a single rescuer is 30:2 across all age groups. For two-rescuer CPR, the compression-to-ventilation ratio for infants and children changes to 15:2, while adults remain at 30:2.

Guidelines for High-Quality Chest Compressions

• Perform compressions at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute.
• Compress the chest at least 2 inches (5 cm) deep.
• Allow the chest to fully recoil after each compression.
• Minimize interruptions to ensure effective blood circulation.

Important: Do not move the victim unless they are face down, in immediate danger, or lying on a soft or unstable surface (e.g., a bed or bathtub).

Performing Chest Compressions

1. 1. Ensure the victim is face up on a firm, flat surface.

      If you need to move or roll them over, do so with extreme caution, especially if a head or neck injury is suspected.

   2. Position yourself correctly:

      Stand or kneel at the victim’s side.

   3. Hand Placement and Body Positioning:
      • Place the heel of one hand in the center of the victim’s chest, on the lower half of the breastbone (sternum).
      • Position the second hand on top of the first, interlocking your fingers.
      • Straighten your arms and position your shoulders directly over your hands for maximum force.

1. 1. Begin Chest Compressions:
      • Perform compressions at a rate of 100 to 120 per minute (think of the rhythm of the song “Staying Alive”).
      • Push hard and fast, at least 2 inches (5 cm) deep, ensuring you press straight down on the breastbone.
      • At the end of each compression, allow the chest to fully recoil before beginning the next compression.