Excessive ventilation can cause complications like gastric inflation.

A firm surface is needed to ensure effective compressions.

Each breath should be given over 1 second with just enough volume to see the chest rise.

Rescue breathing is recommended for victims with a pulse but inadequate breathing.

Rescue breathing should be initiated for a patient with a pulse but no normal breathing.

Gasping (agonal breathing) is not normal breathing and should not delay CPR.

Agonal breathing is a sign of cardiac arrest and CPR should be initiated.

Over-ventilation can lead to increased intrathoracic pressure, reducing venous return and cardiac output.

Rescue breaths should be given before starting chest compressions in drowning victims.

Rescuers should switch every 2 minutes (or 5 cycles of compressions) to maintain high-quality CPR.

For two-rescuer pediatric CPR, the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio is 15:2.

Single-rescuer infant CPR follows the 30:2 compression-to-ventilation ratio, just like adults.

Visible chest rise is the best indicator that rescue breaths are effectively ventilating the lungs.

AED pads should be placed at least 1 inch away from a pacemaker to ensure proper function.

Over-ventilation can increase intrathoracic pressure, reducing venous return and cardiac output.

Chest compressions should continue while the AED is charging to maintain circulation.

Pediatric AED pads should be used for children under 8 years old, if available.

Rescue breathing is the correct response if the patient has a pulse but no breathing.

Adult chest compressions should be at least 2 inches (5 cm) deep.

The best method is to tap the patient and shout to assess for responsiveness.

The correct compression depth for adult CPR is at least 2 inches (5 cm).

A bag-mask device (BVM) is preferred for healthcare providers as it delivers more effective ventilations.

High-quality CPR for children requires compressing at least 1/3 of the chest depth (about 2 inches or 5 cm).

Before starting CPR, check for a pulse for no more than 10 seconds to determine if compressions are needed.

Pulse checks should be performed approximately every 2 minutes when providing rescue breathing.

High-quality CPR requires minimizing interruptions to maintain circulation.

Clear role assignment and minimizing interruptions optimize CPR quality in a team setting.

If a choking victim becomes unresponsive, emergency services should be activated, and CPR should begin immediately.

The two-thumb encircling hands technique is the preferred method for two-rescuer infant CPR, as it provides better depth and control.

For a responsive choking adult, abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver) should be used.

Effective compressions allow full chest recoil, ensuring proper circulation.

For two-rescuer infant CPR, the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio is 15:2.

Reassessment should occur every 5 cycles of CPR (about 2 minutes) unless an AED prompts earlier evaluation.

Early defibrillation is the most critical step in increasing survival rates for patients in cardiac arrest with a shockable rhythm.

For a single rescuer, the correct ratio is 30 compressions to 2 breaths.

Encourage the victim to keep coughing instead of immediately intervening.

For infants, responsiveness is assessed by tapping the bottom of the foot and shouting.

If a patient is unresponsive with a suspected airway obstruction, chest compressions should be initiated immediately to help clear the airway.

For an unresponsive, pulseless patient, immediate chest compressions are the priority.

AED pads should be placed at least 1 inch away from a pacemaker to avoid interference.

Rescuers should switch every 2 minutes to maintain high-quality CPR and prevent fatigue.

Switching roles every 2 minutes prevents rescuer fatigue and minimizes interruptions.

Agonal gasps are not normal breathing and should not delay CPR.

Naloxone should only be administered if opioid overdose is suspected.

In BLS, medication administration is not a designated role—this falls under ACLS-level care.

Chest compressions maintain circulation and deliver oxygenated blood to the brain and heart.

Shifting the uterus to the left reduces pressure on the inferior vena cava, improving circulation.

Adult chest compressions should be at least 2 inches (5 cm) deep.

The carotid artery is the preferred site for pulse assessment in unresponsive adults.

If the patient has a pulse but is not breathing, rescue breathing should be provided with continuous monitoring.

For adult CPR, compressions should be performed with two hands, one on top of the other, placed on the lower half of the sternum.

For a single rescuer, the correct ratio is 30 compressions to 2 breaths.

Once an advanced airway is in place, continuous compressions should be given at 100-120 per minute without pausing for breaths.

A firm surface is needed to ensure effective compressions.

For infants, the correct pulse check location is the brachial artery (inside the upper arm).