What to Expect

Incorrect. Vasopressors like epinephrine or dopamine are used to improve cardiac output and perfusion.

Incorrect. Lidocaine should not exceed a total dose of 3 mg/kg to avoid toxicity during pediatric resuscitation.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is used to improve perfusion and heart rate in symptomatic bradycardia unresponsive to oxygen.

Incorrect. Delivering 8-10 breaths per minute ensures adequate oxygenation without hyperventilation during CPR with an advanced airway.

Incorrect. A 15:2 ratio ensures adequate oxygenation and circulation during two-rescuer child CPR.

Incorrect. Synchronized cardioversion begins at 0.5-1 J/kg for pediatric SVT and may increase to 2 J/kg if needed.

Incorrect. A 3:1 ratio prioritizes ventilation due to the respiratory etiology of most neonatal arrests.

Incorrect. Ventilations are delivered every 6 seconds (10 breaths per minute) to ensure oxygenation without interrupting compressions.

Incorrect. Intramuscular epinephrine is the first-line treatment for pediatric anaphylaxis, administered into the mid-thigh.

Incorrect. Defibrillation for pediatric pulseless VT starts at 2 J/kg, increasing to 4 J/kg for subsequent shocks as needed.

Incorrect. Intraosseous access is a fast and reliable method for drug delivery when IV access is not immediately available.

Incorrect. For one-rescuer infant CPR, compressions are performed using two fingers just below the nipple line.

Incorrect. Atropine should not exceed a total dose of 3 mg to avoid adverse effects during pediatric bradycardia treatment.

Incorrect. The initial defibrillation dose for pediatric VF is 2 J/kg, increasing to 4 J/kg for subsequent shocks if needed.

Incorrect. Synchronized cardioversion begins at 0.5-1 J/kg for pediatric SVT and increases as needed based on clinical response.

Incorrect. Hypothermia is one of the "H's" in reversible causes of cardiac arrest and is treated with active rewarming.

Incorrect. A compression fraction >80% ensures most of the resuscitation time is spent delivering compressions for optimal circulation.

Incorrect. Waveform capnography reliably confirms and monitors proper endotracheal tube placement.

Incorrect. A compression fraction of greater than 80% ensures the majority of resuscitation time is spent delivering chest compressions.

Incorrect. Atropine is limited to a maximum single dose of 1 mg in pediatric patients to treat bradycardia.

Incorrect. Immediate defibrillation is crucial to restoring a perfusing rhythm in shockable cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. For cardiogenic shock, smaller fluid boluses of 5-10 mL/kg are preferred to avoid fluid overload due to poor cardiac function.

Incorrect. A 30:2 ratio is used for single-rescuer CPR in pediatric patients to ensure adequate circulation and oxygenation.

Incorrect. Vagal maneuvers are the first-line treatment to terminate SVT in stable pediatric patients by increasing vagal tone.

Incorrect. Rescue breaths provide adequate oxygenation for children with a pulse but insufficient respiratory effort.

Incorrect. Oxygenation and ventilation are the first-line treatments for pediatric bradycardia, addressing the most common cause: hypoxia.

Incorrect. VF is a shockable rhythm requiring immediate defibrillation to restore a perfusing rhythm.

Incorrect. Intraosseous access provides rapid and reliable vascular access for drug delivery during pediatric resuscitation.

Incorrect. Hypoxia-induced bradycardia is treated with oxygen to improve oxygenation and perfusion.

Incorrect. Nebulized epinephrine reduces airway swelling and improves airflow in severe upper airway obstruction.

Incorrect. Waveform capnography is the most reliable method to confirm and monitor endotracheal tube placement during resuscitation.

Incorrect. A compression rate of 100-120 per minute optimizes perfusion while preventing rescuer fatigue.

Incorrect. The initial energy dose for defibrillation in VF or pulseless VT is 2 J/kg, increasing as needed for subsequent shocks.

Incorrect. Fluids restore perfusion, and antibiotics treat the underlying infection causing septic shock.

Incorrect. Neonates receive a 10 mL/kg isotonic crystalloid bolus to treat hypovolemic shock while avoiding fluid overload.

Incorrect. Rescue breaths deliver oxygen to maintain adequate ventilation in children with respiratory arrest and a pulse.

Incorrect. Delivering 10 breaths per minute ensures adequate oxygenation without causing hyperventilation during CPR.

Incorrect. Pulseless VT is a shockable rhythm that requires immediate defibrillation to restore a perfusing rhythm.

Incorrect. Synchronized cardioversion begins at 0.5-1 J/kg for stable or unstable pediatric SVT and is increased if needed.

Incorrect. A compression fraction >80% ensures that the majority of CPR time is spent delivering chest compressions for optimal outcomes.

Incorrect. If VF persists after the initial defibrillation at 2 J/kg, the next dose is 4 J/kg, and subsequent shocks should not exceed 10 J/kg.

Incorrect. Compressing one-third the depth of the chest ensures adequate perfusion without causing injury during infant CPR.

Incorrect. The jaw thrust avoids neck movement and is preferred for maintaining the airway in patients with suspected cervical spine injuries.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate stabilizes the cardiac membrane and is the treatment of choice for torsades de pointes in children.

Incorrect. The total fluid bolus dose should not exceed 60 mL/kg to avoid fluid overload during resuscitation in children.

Incorrect. Compressing to one-third the chest depth ensures adequate perfusion while minimizing the risk of injury during CPR.

Incorrect. Pulseless VT is a shockable rhythm requiring immediate defibrillation to restore organized cardiac activity.

Incorrect. A PETCO2 value above 10 mmHg indicates effective chest compressions and perfusion during CPR.

Incorrect. Waveform capnography is the gold standard for confirming and monitoring endotracheal tube placement in real-time.

Incorrect. A bolus of 20 mL/kg isotonic crystalloid restores perfusion in hypovolemic shock.

Incorrect. Adenosine is not contraindicated but is generally not the first-line treatment in unstable SVT, where synchronized cardioversion is preferred.

Incorrect. Compressing one-third the chest depth ensures effective perfusion while minimizing the risk of injury in children.

Incorrect. Waveform capnography reliably confirms ET tube placement and monitors ventilation in real time.

Incorrect. IO access provides rapid and reliable vascular access for drug delivery during pediatric cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate stabilizes the myocardium and is used to treat torsades de pointes in children.

Incorrect. Atropine is used to treat bradycardia caused by increased vagal tone or primary conduction abnormalities.

Incorrect. The preferred method is waveform capnography, as it provides continuous monitoring and confirmation of tube placement.

Incorrect. The encircling thumbs technique provides high-quality compressions for infants and ensures uniform pressure distribution.

Incorrect. Fluids are given to restore circulation, and antibiotics address the underlying infection causing septic shock.

Incorrect. A 20 mL/kg bolus of isotonic crystalloid is recommended for children in hypovolemic shock.

Incorrect. Oxygen is administered to stabilize respiratory failure and improve oxygen delivery.

Incorrect. CPR is initiated to relieve the obstruction and restore ventilation when a child becomes unresponsive.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate is the treatment of choice for torsades de pointes, stabilizing the myocardium and correcting QT interval abnormalities.

Incorrect. Fluids restore perfusion, and antibiotics target the underlying infection in septic shock.

Incorrect. Providing 10 breaths per minute ensures adequate oxygenation without causing hyperventilation during CPR with an advanced airway.