ACLS Provider: Course

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate stabilizes cardiac myocytes and is the drug of choice for treating torsades de pointes.

Incorrect. Pediatric defibrillation starts with 2 J/kg, increasing to 4 J/kg for subsequent shocks if needed.

Incorrect. Ventilation with an advanced airway should be provided at a rate of 1 breath every 6 seconds, or 10 breaths per minute.

Incorrect. If VF persists after defibrillation and epinephrine, amiodarone is administered to stabilize the rhythm.

Incorrect. Amiodarone is administered as a 300 mg IV/IO bolus for refractory VF or pulseless VT.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is given at a dose of 1 mg IV/IO every 3-5 minutes during adult cardiac arrest to improve perfusion.

Incorrect. Pulseless VT is treated with defibrillation, while synchronized cardioversion is reserved for tachyarrhythmias with a pulse.

Incorrect. Providing 6-8 breaths per minute prevents hyperventilation and maintains adequate oxygenation during CPR with an advanced airway.

Incorrect. A 30:2 ratio ensures sufficient oxygenation and circulation in adults during CPR without an advanced airway.

Incorrect. A compression fraction >80% is required to maximize perfusion and improve survival rates during high-quality CPR.

Incorrect. Maximum energy for monophasic defibrillators; for biphasic, follow manufacturer recommendations.

Incorrect. The target oxygen saturation is 92-96% to avoid hyperoxia, which can contribute to oxidative injury.

Incorrect. With an advanced airway in place, compressions should continue uninterrupted while providing 10 breaths per minute.

Incorrect. Hypoxia is a reversible cause of PEA; it must be treated immediately with oxygenation and ventilation.

Incorrect. Thrombosis (pulmonary or coronary) is a reversible cause of cardiac arrest and should be addressed immediately.

Incorrect. Chest compressions are performed to dislodge the obstruction and restore effective ventilation in an unresponsive infant.

Incorrect. A rate of 100-120 compressions per minute optimizes perfusion without compromising cardiac filling.

Incorrect. Naloxone is only used in cases of suspected opioid overdose and is not universally administered in cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. CPR is the primary intervention for PEA, followed by epinephrine and identification of reversible causes.

Incorrect. Ventricular fibrillation is the most common cause of sudden cardiac arrest and requires immediate defibrillation.

Incorrect. Adequate oxygenation and ventilation are critical to preventing hypoxia or hyperoxia after ROSC.

Incorrect. Two minutes of CPR (about 5 cycles of 30 compressions and 2 breaths) should be performed before reassessing the rhythm.

Incorrect. Hypokalemia can cause cardiac arrhythmias and is included in the "H's" of reversible causes of cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. Two rescuers are needed to maintain high-quality CPR with an advanced airway: one for compressions and one for ventilation.

Incorrect. Amiodarone is used after defibrillation and epinephrine for refractory VF to stabilize the myocardium.

Incorrect. VF is a shockable rhythm, and defibrillation is the primary treatment to restore an organized rhythm.

Incorrect. Lidocaine is an antiarrhythmic drug used as an alternative to amiodarone for VF or pulseless VT.

Incorrect. Epinephrine at 0.01 mg/kg is administered every 3-5 minutes during pediatric cardiac arrest to improve coronary perfusion.

Incorrect. VF is a shockable rhythm that requires immediate defibrillation to restore organized cardiac activity.

Incorrect. Rhythm checks are performed every 2 minutes during pauses in CPR to evaluate for shockable rhythms.

Incorrect. Continuous chest compressions are performed while ventilations are delivered every 6 seconds when an advanced airway is in place.

Incorrect. Stabilizes the myocardial membrane and prevents arrhythmias.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is administered after defibrillation to enhance coronary and cerebral perfusion during resuscitation.

Incorrect. A 15:2 ratio is used during pediatric CPR with two rescuers to optimize ventilation and circulation.

Incorrect. Post-ROSC care focuses on stabilizing ventilation and oxygenation to prevent hypoxia or hyperoxia.

Incorrect. Maintaining oxygen saturation at 92-96% prevents hypoxia and avoids complications associated with hyperoxia.

Incorrect. Delivers an electrical shock to depolarize the heart and restore a normal rhythm.

Incorrect. Avoid delays to minimize interruptions in chest compressions and maintain perfusion.

Incorrect. Adenosine is administered as a 6 mg rapid IV push, followed by a saline flush, to terminate reentrant arrhythmias.

Incorrect. Pediatric defibrillation starts at 2 J/kg for the initial shock, increasing as needed based on the patient's response.

Incorrect. PETCO2 monitoring provides continuous feedback on the quality of chest compressions and the effectiveness of resuscitation.

Incorrect. PETCO2 monitoring provides real-time feedback on ventilation and the effectiveness of chest compressions.

Incorrect. Synchronized cardioversion restores organized cardiac activity in unstable VT with a pulse, preventing progression to VF.

Incorrect. Optimal for maintaining adequate circulation without risking poor perfusion due to excessive speed.

Incorrect. Assessing responsiveness is the first step in determining the need for CPR or other interventions in the BLS survey.

Incorrect. Compressing the chest 2-2.4 inches ensures adequate blood flow while minimizing injury risks.

Incorrect. Hypothermia is a reversible cause of cardiac arrest and must be corrected to restore spontaneous circulation.

Incorrect. Atropine at 0.5 mg IV is the first-line treatment for symptomatic bradycardia caused by vagal stimulation.

Incorrect. Pulseless VT is a shockable rhythm that requires immediate defibrillation to restore a perfusing rhythm.

Incorrect. High-quality CPR is the primary intervention for PEA, followed by epinephrine administration and addressing reversible causes.

Incorrect. IV access is preferred for rapid administration; IO is the alternative if IV access is unavailable.

Incorrect. Asystole is a non-shockable rhythm requiring immediate high-quality CPR and administration of epinephrine.

Incorrect. Defibrillation is the primary treatment for pulseless VT, aiming to restore organized cardiac activity.

Incorrect. Oxygen levels should be monitored and optimized to maintain saturation within the target range of 92-96%.

Incorrect. For biphasic defibrillators, 120-200 J is the recommended energy range for VF.

Incorrect. PEA is treated with CPR, epinephrine, and identifying reversible causes to restore organized electrical activity.

Incorrect. Pulse checks should be limited to 5-10 seconds to minimize interruptions in chest compressions.

Incorrect. Compressing to one-third the depth of the chest ensures adequate perfusion while minimizing the risk of injury.

Incorrect. Adenosine is used for narrow-complex SVT, not wide-complex tachycardia, which is typically treated with amiodarone.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is given first in VF during cardiac arrest, followed by amiodarone as an antiarrhythmic after defibrillation attempts.

Incorrect. High-quality CPR is the primary treatment for asystole, along with epinephrine and addressing reversible causes.

Incorrect. Adult defibrillation with a biphasic defibrillator typically starts at 120-200 J, not 360 J, depending on the manufacturer's guidelines.

Incorrect. Stabilizes the myocardium and suppresses arrhythmias during refractory VF or pulseless VT.

Incorrect. Adenosine is administered as a rapid IV push at an initial dose of 6 mg to terminate stable SVT.

Incorrect. Pulse checks during CPR should not exceed 10 seconds to minimize interruptions in chest compressions.