ACLS Provider: Course

Incorrect. Lidocaine is an alternative antiarrhythmic for refractory VF, dosed at 1 mg/kg IV/IO.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate stabilizes the myocardium and is the drug of choice for torsades de pointes.

Incorrect. The compression-to-ventilation ratio for single-rescuer infant CPR is 30:2, ensuring sufficient oxygenation and circulation.

Incorrect. Synchronized cardioversion with 120-200 J is used to restore normal rhythm in unstable atrial fibrillation.

Incorrect. VF is a shockable rhythm, and immediate defibrillation is the most effective treatment.

Incorrect. Synchronized cardioversion with 50-100 J is effective for narrow, regular tachycardias that are unstable.

Incorrect. High-quality CPR is the primary treatment for asystole, along with epinephrine and addressing reversible causes.

Incorrect. The recommended rate for chest compressions is 100-120 compressions per minute to maximize perfusion.

Incorrect. Compressions at 1/3 the depth of the chest ensure adequate perfusion while minimizing injury to internal organs.

Incorrect. IV access is preferred for rapid administration; IO is the alternative if IV access is unavailable.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is given to improve perfusion pressure and increase the chance of ROSC in persistent VF.

Incorrect. IO access provides a reliable alternative for rapid drug delivery during resuscitation when IV access cannot be obtained.

Incorrect. Pulseless VT is a shockable rhythm that requires immediate defibrillation to restore a perfusing rhythm.

Incorrect. Ventricular fibrillation presents as a disorganized rhythm that requires immediate defibrillation.

Incorrect. Continuous chest compressions are performed while ventilations are delivered every 6 seconds when an advanced airway is in place.

Incorrect. Reduces the risk of oxidative stress and worsened outcomes by preventing hyperoxia.

Incorrect. Chest compressions are performed to dislodge the obstruction and restore effective ventilation in an unresponsive infant.

Incorrect. Assessing responsiveness is the first step in determining the need for CPR or other interventions in the BLS survey.

Incorrect. Calling for help ensures timely assistance and access to advanced resuscitation equipment.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is given every 3-5 minutes to enhance coronary and cerebral perfusion during cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. Adenosine is administered as a rapid IV push to terminate SVT in pediatric patients, followed by a saline flush.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is the first-line drug for VF, with amiodarone as the preferred antiarrhythmic for refractory cases.

Incorrect. Synchronized cardioversion is used for unstable atrial fibrillation to restore organized electrical activity.

Incorrect. Atrial flutter presents as a sawtooth pattern on the ECG and requires rate control or cardioversion depending on stability.

Incorrect. Shouting for help ensures additional resources and a defibrillator are quickly available.

Incorrect. Placing hands on the lower half of the sternum ensures effective chest compressions without damaging other structures.

Incorrect. PETCO2 monitoring provides real-time feedback on ventilation and the effectiveness of chest compressions.

Incorrect. PEA is treated with epinephrine and high-quality CPR to address underlying reversible causes.

Incorrect. Prompt defibrillation within 30 seconds of witnessed VF arrest improves the chance of restoring a perfusing rhythm.

Incorrect. Pediatric defibrillation starts at 2 J/kg and may increase to 4 J/kg for subsequent shocks if VF persists.

Incorrect. Hypothermia is a reversible cause of cardiac arrest and should be treated with warming measures.

Incorrect. Targeted temperature management improves neurological outcomes by preventing further brain injury.

Incorrect. Hypothermia is a reversible cause of cardiac arrest and must be corrected to restore spontaneous circulation.

Incorrect. Early defibrillation within 30 seconds of a witnessed VF arrest increases survival rates significantly.

Incorrect. The target oxygen saturation is 92-96% to avoid hyperoxia, which can contribute to oxidative injury.

Incorrect. Delivering 6-8 breaths per minute minimizes interruptions in chest compressions and prevents hyperventilation.

Incorrect. Prevents progression to cardiac arrest by restoring a normal rhythm.

Incorrect. Maintaining oxygen saturation at 92-96% avoids hypoxia while preventing hyperoxia, which can cause further tissue damage.

Incorrect. Pulse checks are performed every 2 minutes during rhythm assessments to evaluate the effectiveness of resuscitation.

Incorrect. Delivers an electrical shock to depolarize the heart and restore a normal rhythm.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate stabilizes the cardiac membrane and is the drug of choice for treating torsades de pointes.

Incorrect. Post-ROSC care focuses on maintaining oxygenation and avoiding hypoxia or hyperoxia to protect organ function.

Incorrect. Post-ROSC care focuses on optimizing oxygenation, ventilation, and hemodynamic stability to prevent further organ damage.

Incorrect. Rescuers should switch every 2 minutes to prevent fatigue and ensure high-quality compressions are maintained.

Incorrect. The jaw thrust maneuver opens the airway without moving the cervical spine, reducing the risk of spinal injury.

Incorrect. Atropine is given at a dose of 0.5 mg every 3-5 minutes during bradycardia, up to a maximum dose of 3 mg.

Incorrect. Requires immediate defibrillation to restore organized cardiac activity.

Incorrect. Vagal maneuvers stimulate the vagus nerve, often terminating reentrant arrhythmias causing narrow-complex tachycardia.

Incorrect. Hypovolemia is a reversible cause of cardiac arrest and should be corrected with fluid resuscitation.

Incorrect. Atropine is given at 0.5 mg IV every 3-5 minutes for unstable bradycardia caused by vagal stimulation or primary AV block.

Incorrect. The initial dose of adenosine for stable SVT in adults is 6 mg IV, followed by 12 mg if needed for subsequent doses.

Incorrect. Two minutes of CPR (about 5 cycles of 30 compressions and 2 breaths) should be performed before reassessing the rhythm.

Incorrect. PETCO2 values greater than 10 mmHg during CPR indicate adequate chest compressions and blood circulation.

Incorrect. High-quality CPR should be resumed immediately after defibrillation to maintain perfusion and increase chances of ROSC.

Incorrect. Adult defibrillation with a biphasic defibrillator typically starts at 120-200 J, not 360 J, depending on the manufacturer's guidelines.

Incorrect. Atropine is the first-line drug for symptomatic bradycardia, increasing heart rate by blocking vagal stimulation.

Incorrect. Amiodarone is preferred, but lidocaine is an alternative antiarrhythmic for refractory VF or pulseless VT.

Incorrect. Delivering 6-8 breaths per minute ensures adequate oxygenation without hyperventilation during CPR with an advanced airway.

Incorrect. Pediatric defibrillation starts at 2 J/kg, increasing to 4 J/kg for subsequent shocks if needed.

Incorrect. Naloxone is only used in cases of suspected opioid overdose and is not universally administered in cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. Asystole is a non-shockable rhythm requiring immediate CPR and epinephrine administration.

Incorrect. Adenosine is administered as a 6 mg rapid IV push, followed by a saline flush, to terminate reentrant arrhythmias.

Incorrect. PETCO2 readings above 10 mmHg during CPR indicate adequate chest compressions and cardiac output.

Incorrect. Switching compressors every 2 minutes reduces rescuer fatigue, ensuring high-quality chest compressions are maintained.

Incorrect. Pulseless VT is treated with defibrillation, while synchronized cardioversion is reserved for tachyarrhythmias with a pulse.