ADULT CHEST COMPRESSIONS

Compressions are the most critical component of CPR. For both lay rescuers and healthcare providers, high-quality chest compressions are essential for maintaining circulation.

Key Guidelines for Chest Compressions

• Compression rate: 100-120 per minute
• Compression depth: At least 2 inches (5 cm)
• Allow full chest recoil between compressions
• Minimize interruptions; pauses should be less than 10 seconds
• For single-rescuer CPR and two-rescuer CPR, the compression-to-ventilation ratio is 30:2.

Performing Chest Compressions

1. Ensure the victim is lying face-up on a firm, flat surface.
2. Hand placement:
   • Place the heel of one hand in the center of the chest, on the lower half of the sternum.
   • Place the other hand on top, interlocking fingers.
3. Body positioning:
   • Keep arms straight and shoulders directly above your hands.
4. Start compressions:
   • Press hard and fast at a rate of 100-120 per minute.
   • Push down at least 2 inches but no more than 2.4 inches.
   • Allow the chest to fully recoil between compressions.
   • Minimize interruptions: Any pauses should be less than 10 seconds.
   
   

   Do NOT check for a pulse if you’re a lay rescuer. If the victim is unresponsive and not breathing normally, start compressions immediately.

   Continue compressions until EMS arrives or an AED is available.