Infant & Child Breaths (For Healthcare Providers Only)

Important Note:

• Laypersons should perform hands-only CPR (chest compressions only) unless trained and willing to give rescue breaths.
• Healthcare providers (HCPs) must follow full BLS protocol, including pulse checks and rescue breathing when indicated.

Opening the Airway

To provide effective ventilation, the airway must remain open.

Head Tilt-Chin Lift Maneuver

For unresponsive patients without trauma:

1. Place one hand on the forehead and gently tilt the head back.
2. Use two fingers under the jaw to lift the chin, keeping the airway open.

For suspected spinal injury, use the jaw thrust maneuver instead to avoid moving the neck.

Bag-Mask Ventilation (For HCPs Only)

A bag-mask device (BVM) is preferred for assisted breaths in a clinical setting.

Two-Rescuer Bag-Mask Ventilation

• Rescuer 1: Opens the airway and ensures a tight mask seal.
• Rescuer 2: Delivers breaths using the BVM.

Proper Technique

1. Position yourself at the victim’s head.
2. Place the mask over the nose and mouth, aligning with the bridge of the nose.
3. Use the E-C clamp technique to seal the mask:
   • Thumb and index finger form a C around the mask.
   • Other fingers lift the jaw into the mask.
4. Deliver each breath over 1 second, watching for visible chest rise.
5. Avoid excessive ventilation to prevent gastric inflation.

Ventilation Guidelines for HCPs