For adult CPR, compressions should be performed with two hands, one on top of the other, placed on the lower half of the sternum.

Over-ventilation can lead to increased intrathoracic pressure, reducing venous return and cardiac output.

Agonal gasps are not normal breathing and should not delay CPR.

Chest compressions keep oxygenated blood circulating to the brain and heart until normal function is restored.

The E-C clamp technique ensures a tight seal while lifting the jaw for an open airway.

Rescue breathing is recommended for victims with a pulse but inadequate breathing.

Closed-loop communication ensures that orders are acknowledged and carried out correctly.

The recommended compression rate is 100-120 compressions per minute.

Most AEDs are programmed to reanalyze the heart rhythm every 2 minutes.

If a patient is unresponsive with a suspected airway obstruction, chest compressions should be initiated immediately to help clear the airway.

Equal chest rise and fall confirms proper ventilation and airway placement.

Agonal breathing is a sign of cardiac arrest and CPR should be initiated.

High-quality CPR for children requires compressing at least 1/3 of the chest depth (about 2 inches or 5 cm).

The correct compression depth for adult CPR is at least 2 inches (5 cm).

An AED analyzes the heart rhythm and delivers a shock if a shockable rhythm is present.

AED pads should be placed at least 1 inch away from a pacemaker to ensure proper function.

In BLS, medication administration is not a designated role—this falls under ACLS-level care.

Switching roles every 2 minutes ensures high-quality compressions without fatigue.

Single-rescuer infant CPR follows the 30:2 compression-to-ventilation ratio, just like adults.

Adult chest compressions should be at least 2 inches (5 cm) deep.

To minimize interruptions in care, breathing and pulse checks should be performed simultaneously, taking no more than 10 seconds.

Agonal breathing is a sign of cardiac arrest and CPR should be initiated.

Rescue breaths should be given before starting chest compressions in drowning victims.

For suspected spinal injury, the jaw thrust maneuver should be used instead of head tilt-chin lift.

For single-rescuer infant CPR, use two fingers just below the nipple line to perform compressions.

AED pads should be placed at least 1 inch away from a pacemaker to avoid interference.

Rescue breathing is the correct response if the patient has a pulse but no breathing.

Rescuers should switch every 2 minutes (or 5 cycles of compressions) to maintain high-quality CPR.

Pediatric AED pads should be used for children under 8 years old, if available.

The best method is to tap the patient and shout to assess for responsiveness.

Excessive ventilation can cause complications like gastric inflation.

The first step after turning on an AED is attaching the electrode pads.

Ventilations should be given every 6 seconds when an advanced airway is in place.

Equal chest rise confirms proper ventilation and airway placement.

The first step is to turn on the AED before attaching pads and following voice prompts.

If the patient has a pulse but is not breathing, rescue breathing should be provided with continuous monitoring.

For a responsive choking adult, abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver) should be used.

Breaths should be delivered over 1 second each to produce visible chest rise.

Pulse checks should be limited to 10 seconds to avoid delaying CPR.

Encourage the victim to keep coughing instead of immediately intervening.

Defibrillation should be performed as soon as a shockable rhythm is detected by the AED.

For two-rescuer pediatric CPR, the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio is 15:2.

Rescuers should switch every 2 minutes to maintain high-quality CPR and prevent fatigue.

High-quality CPR requires minimizing interruptions to maintain circulation.

For a single rescuer, the correct ratio is 30 compressions to 2 breaths.

Rescue breathing is recommended for victims with a pulse but inadequate breathing.

In a hospital setting, bag-mask ventilation is the preferred method for delivering rescue breaths.

Visible chest rise confirms that breaths are being delivered effectively.

Switching roles every 2 minutes minimizes interruptions and maintains high-quality CPR.

Rescue breathing should be initiated for a patient with a pulse but no normal breathing.

For a single rescuer, the correct ratio is 30 compressions to 2 breaths.

If there is any doubt about the presence of a pulse, start chest compressions immediately.

For children with a pulse but no normal breathing, provide rescue breaths at a rate of 12-20 per minute.

A firm surface is needed to ensure effective compressions.

For two-rescuer infant CPR, the correct ratio is 15:2, not 30:2.