Over-ventilation can lead to increased intrathoracic pressure, reducing venous return and cardiac output.

Encourage the victim to keep coughing instead of immediately intervening.

Switching roles every 2 minutes ensures high-quality compressions without fatigue.

Rescue breaths should be given before starting chest compressions in drowning victims.

To minimize interruptions in care, breathing and pulse checks should be performed simultaneously, taking no more than 10 seconds.

For single-rescuer infant CPR, use two fingers just below the nipple line to perform compressions.

Adult chest compressions should be at least 2 inches (5 cm) deep.

High-quality chest compressions are the top priority in cardiac arrest, with ventilation as a secondary focus.

An AED is used on patients who are unresponsive, pulseless, and not breathing.

Chest compressions should continue while the AED is charging to maintain circulation.

Visible chest rise confirms that breaths are being delivered effectively.

For an unresponsive, pulseless patient, immediate chest compressions are the priority.

Chest compressions keep oxygenated blood circulating to the brain and heart until normal function is restored.

The first step after turning on an AED is attaching the electrode pads.

Pulse checks should be performed approximately every 2 minutes when providing rescue breathing.

For infants, responsiveness is assessed by tapping the bottom of the foot and shouting.

Each breath should be given over 1 second with just enough volume to see the chest rise.

Once an advanced airway is in place, continuous compressions should be given at 100-120 per minute without pausing for breaths.

High-quality CPR for adults requires compressions at least 2 inches deep at a rate of 100-120 per minute.

Gasping (agonal breathing) is not normal breathing and should not delay CPR.

Rescue breathing is recommended for victims with a pulse but inadequate breathing.

Naloxone should only be administered if opioid overdose is suspected.

Unless a valid DNR order is confirmed, resuscitation efforts should begin.

For adult CPR, compressions should be performed with two hands, one on top of the other, placed on the lower half of the sternum.

High-quality chest compressions help circulate oxygenated blood to the brain and heart.

In a hospital setting, bag-mask ventilation is the preferred method for delivering rescue breaths.

Agonal breathing is a sign of cardiac arrest and CPR should be initiated.

Before starting CPR, check for a pulse for no more than 10 seconds to determine if compressions are needed.

The E-C clamp technique ensures a tight seal while lifting the jaw for an open airway.

If a choking victim becomes unresponsive and pulseless, CPR should begin immediately, starting with compressions.

Excessive ventilation can cause complications like gastric inflation.

Reassessment should occur every 5 cycles of CPR (about 2 minutes) unless an AED prompts earlier evaluation.

Rescue breathing is the correct response if the patient has a pulse but no breathing.

A firm surface is needed to ensure effective compressions.

For children, compress the chest at least 1/3 of its diameter (about 2 inches or 5 cm).

If a patient has a pulse but is not breathing adequately, healthcare providers should provide rescue breathing without chest compressions.

Agonal breathing is a sign of cardiac arrest and CPR should be initiated.

In BLS, medication administration is not a designated role—this falls under ACLS-level care.

A firm surface is needed to ensure effective compressions.

Ventilations should be given every 6 seconds when an advanced airway is in place.

Most AEDs are programmed to reanalyze the heart rhythm every 2 minutes.

Switching roles every 2 minutes prevents rescuer fatigue and minimizes interruptions.

Rescue breathing is recommended for victims with a pulse but inadequate breathing.

For children with a pulse but no normal breathing, provide rescue breaths at a rate of 12-20 per minute.

Pediatric AED pads should be used for children under 8 years old, if available.

Rescue breathing is the correct response if the patient has a pulse but no breathing.

Closed-loop communication ensures that orders are acknowledged and carried out correctly.

The best method is to tap the patient and shout to assess for responsiveness.

The two-thumb encircling technique is preferred for two-rescuer infant CPR, while single rescuers typically use two fingers.

For two-rescuer infant CPR, the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio is 15:2.

The recommended compression rate is 100-120 compressions per minute.

Rescue breathing is recommended for victims with a pulse but inadequate breathing.

Rescuers should switch every 2 minutes (or 5 cycles of compressions) to maintain high-quality CPR.

Visible chest rise is the best indicator that rescue breaths are effectively ventilating the lungs.

Effective compressions allow full chest recoil, ensuring proper circulation.