Incorrect. Delivering 10 breaths per minute with an advanced airway ensures oxygenation without over-ventilating.

Incorrect. Rhythm checks are performed every 2 minutes to evaluate for shockable rhythms or changes in the patient’s condition.

Incorrect. Rescue breaths provide oxygenation to prevent deterioration to cardiac arrest in children with a pulse.

Incorrect. A compression rate of 100-120 per minute ensures adequate circulation during CPR.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is administered to improve perfusion and increase heart rate in bradycardia unresponsive to oxygenation.

Incorrect. The total fluid bolus dose should not exceed 60 mL/kg to avoid fluid overload during resuscitation in children.

Incorrect. Back blows are delivered to clear a complete airway obstruction in infants and younger children.

Incorrect. The maximum single dose of adenosine for terminating SVT in pediatric patients is 12 mg, administered as a rapid IV push.

Incorrect. Neonates in shock or with hypovolemia should receive a fluid bolus of 10 mL/kg of isotonic crystalloid.

Incorrect. Rhythm checks are performed every 2 minutes to minimize interruptions in compressions while assessing the rhythm.

Incorrect. A 20 mL/kg bolus of isotonic crystalloid is recommended for managing septic shock in children.

Incorrect. A fluid bolus of 20 mL/kg is used to rehydrate children with dehydration and adequate cardiac function.

Incorrect. Providing 10 breaths per minute ensures adequate oxygenation without causing hyperventilation during CPR with an advanced airway.

Incorrect. Oxygen delivery improves oxygen saturation and stabilizes respiratory distress in children.

Incorrect. CPR is continued while monitoring for any changes and attempting to identify hidden reversible causes of PEA.

Incorrect. Epinephrine IM is administered immediately to address airway swelling and improve respiratory function in anaphylaxis.

Incorrect. Neonates in hypovolemic shock receive an initial fluid bolus of 10 mL/kg of isotonic crystalloid.

Incorrect. Vagal maneuvers are the first-line intervention for stable SVT to terminate reentrant arrhythmias without drugs.

Incorrect. High-quality CPR is continued while addressing any potential reversible causes in pediatric PEA.

Incorrect. The total cumulative dose of amiodarone should not exceed 15 mg/kg to avoid toxicity during cardiac arrest resuscitation.

Incorrect. VF is a shockable rhythm requiring immediate defibrillation to restore a perfusing rhythm in pediatric cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate stabilizes the myocardium and is used to treat torsades de pointes in children.

Incorrect. If no rhythm is detected, CPR is continued immediately to maintain perfusion until further intervention is possible.

Incorrect. Defibrillation is the primary treatment for shockable rhythms like ventricular fibrillation or pulseless VT.

Incorrect. Fowler’s position (sitting upright) reduces respiratory effort and improves ventilation in children with respiratory distress.

Incorrect. Intramuscular epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis, improving perfusion and reducing airway swelling.

Incorrect. Intramuscular epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylactic shock to reverse airway constriction and hypotension.

Incorrect. Vagal maneuvers are the first-line treatment to terminate SVT in stable pediatric patients by slowing AV node conduction.

Incorrect. Atropine is the drug of choice for bradycardia caused by increased vagal tone, blocking parasympathetic stimulation.

Incorrect. Atropine is limited to a maximum single dose of 1 mg in pediatric patients to treat bradycardia.

Incorrect. PEA is treated with high-quality CPR to maintain perfusion and address reversible causes.

Incorrect. Waveform capnography is the most reliable method to confirm and monitor proper ET tube placement in pediatric patients.

Incorrect. Needle decompression relieves pressure and restores ventilation in cases of tension pneumothorax.

Incorrect. Asystole is a non-shockable rhythm requiring high-quality CPR and epinephrine administration.

Incorrect. Hyperglycemia is not listed as one of the reversible causes of cardiac arrest (H's and T's).

Incorrect. A PETCO2 value above 10 mmHg indicates adequate chest compressions and cardiac output during CPR.

Incorrect. Compressions for children should be performed with the heel of one or both hands, depending on the child's size.

Incorrect. Pulse checks should be limited to 10 seconds to minimize interruptions in chest compressions.

Incorrect. Synchronized cardioversion begins at 0.5-1 J/kg for pediatric SVT and increases as needed based on clinical response.

Incorrect. Epinephrine at 0.01 mg/kg IV is administered during neonatal resuscitation to improve cardiac contractility and perfusion.

Incorrect. Respiratory failure leads to hypoxia, which is the most frequent cause of bradycardia in children.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate stabilizes the myocardium and is administered at 25-50 mg/kg for torsades de pointes in pediatric patients.

Incorrect. Assessing responsiveness determines whether the child requires immediate intervention.

Incorrect. Amiodarone is given at 5 mg/kg IV/IO for ventricular tachycardia with a pulse to stabilize the rhythm.

Incorrect. Neonates achieve oxygen saturation of 80-85% within the first 5 minutes as oxygenation gradually improves after birth.

Incorrect. The total dose of amiodarone during pediatric cardiac arrest should not exceed 15 mg/kg to avoid toxicity.

Incorrect. Intramuscular epinephrine is the first-line treatment for pediatric anaphylaxis, administered into the mid-thigh.

Incorrect. CPR is initiated to relieve the obstruction and restore ventilation when a child becomes unresponsive.

Incorrect. Oxygen saturation gradually increases after birth, with a target of 60-65% during the first minute of neonatal resuscitation.

Incorrect. Neonatal oxygen saturation gradually increases after birth, reaching 80-85% within the first 5 minutes.

Incorrect. A bolus of 20 mL/kg isotonic crystalloid is recommended to restore perfusion in pediatric hypovolemic shock.

Incorrect. Waveform capnography is the most reliable method for confirming and monitoring ET tube placement.

Incorrect. Nebulized epinephrine reduces airway swelling and improves airflow in severe upper airway obstruction.

Incorrect. The jaw thrust maneuver protects the cervical spine while ensuring an open airway for effective ventilation.

Incorrect. Intraosseous access provides rapid and reliable vascular access for drug delivery during pediatric resuscitation.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate stabilizes the cardiac membrane and is the treatment of choice for torsades de pointes in children.

Incorrect. The encircling thumbs technique provides high-quality compressions for infants and ensures uniform pressure distribution.

Incorrect. Fluids restore perfusion, and antibiotics target the underlying infection in septic shock.

Incorrect. Oxygen is administered to stabilize respiratory failure and improve oxygen delivery.

Incorrect. Ventilations are delivered every 6 seconds (10 breaths per minute) to ensure oxygenation without interrupting compressions.

Incorrect. Fowler’s position (sitting upright) helps reduce respiratory effort and improve ventilation in children with breathing difficulties.

Incorrect. A 3:1 ratio prioritizes ventilation due to the respiratory etiology of most neonatal arrests.

Incorrect. The maximum dose of adenosine for terminating SVT in pediatric patients is 12 mg, administered as a rapid IV push.

Incorrect. The first shock in pediatric cardiac arrest is delivered at 2 J/kg to restore a perfusing rhythm.

Incorrect. A 30:2 ratio is used for single-rescuer CPR in pediatric patients to ensure adequate circulation and oxygenation.

Incorrect. Bag-mask ventilation supports oxygenation and prevents deterioration to cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. Compressing to one-third the depth of the chest ensures effective perfusion without causing injury during infant CPR.

Incorrect. Lidocaine is administered at an initial dose of 1 mg/kg IV/IO to treat ventricular arrhythmias in pediatric patients.

Incorrect. The defibrillation dose increases to 4 J/kg for refractory VF after the initial 2 J/kg shock.

Incorrect. Rescuers should switch roles every 2 minutes to maintain high-quality chest compressions without fatigue.

Incorrect. CPR is initiated immediately to relieve the obstruction and restore ventilation in an unresponsive child.

Incorrect. Hypoxia is the leading reversible cause of cardiac arrest in children and should be addressed promptly with oxygenation.

Incorrect. The initial energy dose for defibrillation in VF or pulseless VT is 2 J/kg, increasing as needed for subsequent shocks.

Incorrect. Synchronized cardioversion begins at 0.5-1 J/kg for stable or unstable pediatric SVT and is increased if needed.

Incorrect. Defibrillation is the primary intervention for shockable rhythms like VF and pulseless VT in pediatric cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is administered every 3-5 minutes during pediatric cardiac arrest to enhance coronary and cerebral perfusion.

Incorrect. High-quality CPR should be continued while searching for and addressing reversible causes of PEA.

Incorrect. Nebulized epinephrine reduces airway swelling and improves airflow in children with severe croup and airway obstruction.

Incorrect. The first defibrillation dose for pediatric pulseless VT starts at 2 J/kg, increasing to 4 J/kg for subsequent shocks.

Incorrect. Atropine is given at a dose of 0.02 mg/kg to treat bradycardia caused by increased vagal tone or primary AV block.

Incorrect. Epinephrine at 0.01 mg/kg is used to enhance cardiac contractility and perfusion during neonatal resuscitation.

Incorrect. Immediate defibrillation is crucial to restoring a perfusing rhythm in shockable cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. Adenosine is administered to terminate reentrant arrhythmias causing SVT when vagal maneuvers fail.

Incorrect. Checking responsiveness determines the need for immediate resuscitation efforts.

Incorrect. Compressing to one-third the depth of the chest ensures adequate perfusion without causing injury.

Incorrect. Atropine should not exceed a total dose of 3 mg during pediatric resuscitation to avoid adverse effects.

Incorrect. Delivering 10 breaths per minute ensures adequate oxygenation without causing hyperventilation during CPR.

Incorrect. Epinephrine at 0.01 mg/kg IV/IO is administered every 3-5 minutes during pediatric cardiac arrest to improve perfusion.

Incorrect. Amiodarone is administered at 5 mg/kg IV/IO for pediatric patients in refractory ventricular fibrillation.

Incorrect. Oxygen saturation should be maintained between 94-98% to prevent hypoxia or hyperoxia during resuscitation.

Incorrect. IM epinephrine is the first-line treatment to reverse airway swelling and cardiovascular compromise in anaphylaxis.

Incorrect. Synchronized cardioversion restores a stable rhythm in unstable SVT that is refractory to adenosine.

Incorrect. Synchronized cardioversion begins at 0.5-1 J/kg to restore a stable rhythm in unstable SVT in children.

Incorrect. Epinephrine at 0.01 mg/kg is administered to improve cardiac output and perfusion during neonatal resuscitation.

Incorrect. Early administration of epinephrine within 2 minutes improves outcomes in pediatric cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. Encouraging spontaneous clearance prevents worsening of the obstruction in children with partial airway blockage.

Incorrect. The first shock in VF or pulseless VT is delivered at 2 J/kg, with subsequent shocks at 4 J/kg if needed.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is given every 3-5 minutes at 0.01 mg/kg IV/IO to improve perfusion during cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. Fluid resuscitation, typically with 20 mL/kg of isotonic crystalloid, is the first step in treating hypovolemic shock.

Incorrect. Hypoxia-induced bradycardia is treated with oxygen to improve oxygenation and perfusion.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate stabilizes the myocardium and is the drug of choice for torsades de pointes.

Incorrect. The two-thumb encircling technique ensures effective compressions and promotes high-quality infant CPR.

Incorrect. Neonates should achieve oxygen saturation between 90-95% within 10 minutes to ensure adequate oxygenation without hyperoxia.

Incorrect. Rescue breaths deliver oxygen to maintain adequate ventilation in children with respiratory arrest and a pulse.

Incorrect. VF is a shockable rhythm requiring immediate defibrillation to restore organized cardiac activity.

Incorrect. The two-thumb encircling technique ensures effective chest compressions and promotes better blood flow in infants.

Incorrect. IV access is the preferred route for drug delivery during resuscitation, ensuring rapid and reliable administration.

Incorrect. Limiting fluid boluses to 10 mL/kg prevents fluid overload and worsening cardiac function in cardiogenic shock.

Incorrect. Fowler’s position (sitting upright) helps reduce respiratory effort and improve oxygenation in children with severe distress.

Incorrect. Fluids restore perfusion, and antibiotics treat the underlying infection causing septic shock.

Incorrect. For one-rescuer infant CPR, compressions are performed using two fingers just below the nipple line.

Incorrect. VF is a shockable rhythm requiring immediate defibrillation to restore a perfusing rhythm.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate stabilizes the myocardium and is administered at 25-50 mg/kg for torsades de pointes.

Incorrect. IO access is the preferred alternative to IV access in pediatric emergencies due to its rapid and reliable establishment.

Incorrect. Rescue breaths ensure oxygenation and prevent further deterioration in children with respiratory failure.

Incorrect. Waveform capnography reliably confirms ET tube placement and monitors ventilation in real time.

Incorrect. Atropine should not exceed a total dose of 3 mg to avoid adverse effects during pediatric bradycardia treatment.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is given every 3-5 minutes during cardiac arrest to improve coronary and cerebral perfusion.

Incorrect. Neonates receive a 10 mL/kg isotonic crystalloid bolus to treat hypovolemic shock while avoiding fluid overload.

Incorrect. Hypoxia-induced bradycardia is treated with oxygen to improve perfusion and heart rate.

Incorrect. Neonates in hypovolemic shock receive an initial fluid bolus of 10 mL/kg of isotonic crystalloid.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate is used to stabilize the myocardium and treat torsades de pointes in pediatric patients.

Incorrect. Rescuer roles should be rotated every 2 minutes to prevent fatigue and maintain effective chest compressions.

Incorrect. Epinephrine at 0.01 mg/kg IV/IO is administered every 3-5 minutes to improve perfusion during pediatric cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. Delivering 8-10 breaths per minute ensures adequate oxygenation without hyperventilation during CPR with an advanced airway.

Incorrect. A PETCO2 value above 10 mmHg indicates effective chest compressions and perfusion during CPR.

Incorrect. A 20 mL/kg isotonic crystalloid bolus is recommended to restore perfusion in septic shock.

Incorrect. Lidocaine should not exceed a total dose of 3 mg/kg to avoid toxicity during pediatric resuscitation.

Incorrect. Respiratory failure is the leading cause of cardiac arrest in children due to their dependency on oxygenation and ventilation.

Incorrect. Vasopressors like epinephrine or dopamine are used to improve cardiac output and perfusion.

Incorrect. Naloxone is the opioid antagonist used to reverse respiratory depression caused by opioid overdose in children.

Incorrect. A 15:2 ratio improves oxygenation and circulation during high-quality infant CPR with two rescuers.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is used to improve perfusion and heart rate in symptomatic bradycardia unresponsive to oxygen.

Incorrect. Pulse checks should not exceed 10 seconds to minimize interruptions in chest compressions.

Incorrect. A fluid bolus, typically 20 mL/kg of isotonic crystalloid, is the first step in treating hypovolemic shock in children.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate stabilizes the myocardium and is the drug of choice for torsades de pointes in children.

Incorrect. Rescue breaths provide adequate oxygenation for children with a pulse but insufficient respiratory effort.

Incorrect. Maintaining oxygen saturation between 90-95% prevents hypoxia and avoids the risks of hyperoxia in neonates.

Incorrect. CPR is initiated immediately to relieve the obstruction and restore ventilation in an unresponsive child.

Incorrect. Vagal maneuvers are used to terminate stable SVT by increasing parasympathetic stimulation to the AV node.

Incorrect. Vagal maneuvers are the first-line treatment to terminate SVT in stable pediatric patients by increasing vagal tone.

Incorrect. Oxygen improves perfusion and is the first-line treatment for bradycardia caused by hypoxia.

Incorrect. IM epinephrine is the first-line treatment to reduce airway swelling and improve oxygenation.

Incorrect. Oxygen is the initial intervention for pediatric bradycardia caused by hypoxia to improve perfusion and heart rate.

Incorrect. Nebulized epinephrine reduces airway swelling and improves airflow in children with severe croup.

Incorrect. Compressing to one-third the chest depth ensures adequate perfusion while minimizing the risk of injury during CPR.

Incorrect. Rescue breaths provide adequate oxygenation and prevent progression to cardiac arrest in children with respiratory failure.

Incorrect. Amiodarone is the preferred antiarrhythmic for stabilizing wide-complex tachycardia in pediatric patients.

Incorrect. Compressing one-third the chest depth ensures effective perfusion while minimizing the risk of injury in children.

Incorrect. A 30:2 ratio ensures sufficient oxygenation and circulation when only one rescuer is available for pediatric CPR.

Incorrect. Adenosine is used to terminate reentrant arrhythmias in SVT by slowing conduction through the AV node.

Incorrect. Adenosine is given as a rapid IV push at 0.1 mg/kg to terminate SVT caused by reentrant pathways.

Incorrect. Rhythm checks are performed every 2 minutes to assess the need for defibrillation or changes in treatment.

Incorrect. Oxygen delivery stabilizes respiratory distress and improves oxygen saturation in pediatric patients.

Incorrect. Defibrillation for pediatric pulseless VT starts at 2 J/kg, increasing to 4 J/kg for subsequent shocks as needed.

Incorrect. Lidocaine should not exceed a total dose of 3 mg/kg to avoid toxicity during resuscitation.

Incorrect. Vasopressors help improve perfusion and cardiac output when fluid resuscitation alone is insufficient.

Incorrect. Amiodarone is given at a dose of 5 mg/kg IV/IO during VF or pulseless VT to stabilize the rhythm.

Incorrect. Neonates require 40-60 breaths per minute to maintain oxygenation and prevent respiratory failure.

Incorrect. Needle decompression relieves pressure and restores ventilation in children with tension pneumothorax.

Incorrect. Epinephrine IM is the first-line treatment to reverse cardiovascular collapse and airway swelling in anaphylaxis.

Incorrect. Rhythm checks are performed every 2 minutes to assess the need for defibrillation or changes in treatment.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is administered to improve perfusion and heart rate in bradycardia unresponsive to oxygen.

Incorrect. Neonates require oxygen saturation levels of 90-95% to support optimal oxygen delivery without causing hyperoxia.

Incorrect. Adenosine is administered as a rapid IV push to terminate SVT caused by reentrant pathways.

Incorrect. Rhythm checks should occur every 2 minutes to evaluate the need for defibrillation or adjustments in treatment.

Incorrect. IO access provides rapid and reliable vascular access for drug delivery during pediatric cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. Oxygen administration is the first step to stabilize a child in respiratory distress and improve oxygen delivery.

Incorrect. Fluid resuscitation restores perfusion, and antibiotics address the infection causing septic shock.

Incorrect. Rhythm checks every 2 minutes minimize interruptions in compressions while assessing for shockable rhythms.

Incorrect. An isotonic crystalloid bolus of 20 mL/kg is recommended to treat hypoperfusion caused by septic shock.

Incorrect. Amiodarone stabilizes wide-complex tachycardia by slowing conduction and suppressing arrhythmias.

Incorrect. Rescue breaths provide adequate oxygenation and ventilation, preventing cardiac arrest in children with respiratory failure.

Incorrect. Oxygen improves oxygenation and stabilizes respiratory function in children with severe distress.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is given at a dose of 0.01 mg/kg IV every 3-5 minutes for pediatric bradycardia unresponsive to oxygenation.

Incorrect. Vagal maneuvers are the first-line intervention for stable SVT, promoting parasympathetic activity to terminate the arrhythmia.

Incorrect. Oxygen saturation should be maintained at 94-98% to avoid hypoxia or hyperoxia.

Incorrect. Waveform capnography reliably confirms and monitors proper endotracheal tube placement.

Incorrect. Adenosine is administered as a rapid IV push at an initial dose of 0.1 mg/kg to terminate SVT.

Incorrect. A bolus of 20 mL/kg isotonic crystalloid restores perfusion in hypovolemic shock.

Incorrect. Fluid resuscitation, typically 20 mL/kg of isotonic crystalloid, restores perfusion in hypovolemic shock.

Incorrect. Oxygen saturation should be maintained between 94-98% to avoid hypoxia or hyperoxia post-resuscitation.

Incorrect. A compression fraction of greater than 80% ensures the majority of resuscitation time is spent delivering chest compressions.

Incorrect. A compression fraction greater than 80% ensures that most of the resuscitation time is spent on chest compressions.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is the first-line drug to improve perfusion and increase heart rate in bradycardia unresponsive to oxygenation.

Incorrect. High-quality CPR is essential in managing PEA while addressing potential reversible causes.

Incorrect. A 3:1 ratio is used for neonatal CPR to prioritize ventilation due to the respiratory etiology of most neonatal arrests.

Incorrect. The total cumulative dose of amiodarone during pediatric cardiac arrest should not exceed 15 mg/kg.

Incorrect. Pulseless VT is a shockable rhythm that requires immediate defibrillation to restore a perfusing rhythm.

Incorrect. Oxygen improves perfusion and reduces hypoxia in children with poor perfusion but a palpable pulse.

Incorrect. A 15:2 ratio ensures adequate oxygenation and circulation during two-rescuer child CPR.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is given every 3-5 minutes to enhance coronary and cerebral perfusion during pediatric cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. High-quality CPR is the primary treatment for PEA while addressing potential reversible causes.

Incorrect. Atropine is administered at 0.02 mg/kg IV/IO for pediatric bradycardia due to vagal stimulation or primary AV block.

Incorrect. Compressing one-third the depth of the chest ensures adequate perfusion without causing injury during infant CPR.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is the drug of choice for treating bradycardia when oxygenation and ventilation do not resolve the issue.

Incorrect. A 20 mL/kg bolus of isotonic crystalloid is recommended for children in hypovolemic shock.

Incorrect. Switching roles every 2 minutes prevents rescuer fatigue and ensures high-quality chest compressions.

Incorrect. The initial defibrillation dose for children is 2 J/kg, increasing to 4 J/kg for subsequent shocks if needed.

Incorrect. The two-thumb encircling technique provides effective chest compressions and allows better control for ventilations.