MANAGEMENT OF LOWER AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION

Lower airway obstruction occurs in conditions such as asthma or bronchiolitis, which impair airflow to the lungs. Effective management focuses on relieving obstruction and improving oxygenation.

Asthma:

• Administer nebulized albuterol and ipratropium bromide.
• Provide systemic corticosteroids (e.g., prednisone or dexamethasone).
• Consider magnesium sulfate or continuous nebulization for severe cases.

Bronchiolitis:

• Provide supportive care with oxygen therapy.
• Use high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) for moderate to severe distress.
• Trial nebulized hypertonic saline in select cases.

Effective management of lower airway obstruction reduces respiratory effort and improves ventilation in pediatric patients.